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Two- stroke engine - Wikipedia. A two- stroke, or two- cycle, engine is a type of internal combustion engine which completes a power cycle with two strokes (up and down movements) of the piston during only one crankshaft revolution. This is in contrast to a . In a two- stroke engine, the end of the combustion stroke and the beginning of the compression stroke happen simultaneously, with the intake and exhaust (or scavenging) functions occurring at the same time. Two- stroke engines often have a high power- to- weight ratio, power being available in a narrow range of rotational speeds called the . Compared to four- stroke engines, two- stroke engines have a greatly reduced number of moving parts, and so can be more compact and significantly lighter. History. However, unlike most later two- stroke engines, his had a separate charging cylinder. The crankcase- scavenged engine, employing the area below the piston as a charging pump, is generally credited to Englishman Joseph Day. The first truly practical two- stroke engine is attributed to Yorkshireman Alfred Angas Scott, who started producing twin- cylinder water- cooled motorcycles in 1. However, when weight and size are not an issue, the cycle's potential for high thermodynamic efficiency makes it ideal for diesel compression ignition engines operating in large, weight- insensitive applications, such as marine propulsion, railway locomotives and electricity generation. In a two- stroke engine, the heat transfer from the engine to the cooling system is less than in a four- stroke, which means that two- stroke engines can be more efficient. Emissions. With the traditional lubrication technique of mixing oil into the fuel, they also have the advantage of working in any orientation, as there is no oil reservoir dependent on gravity; this is an essential property for hand- held power tools such as chainsaws. A number of mainstream automobile manufacturers have used two- stroke engines in the past, including the Swedish Saab and German manufacturers DKW, Auto- Union, VEB Sachsenring Automobilwerke Zwickau, and VEB Automobilwerk Eisenach. Page 1 of 2 - tools needed to rebuild kx125. About Stroke Engine; The Team; Links; Contact Us; Glossary; Interventions. Postural Assessment Scale for Stroke Patients (PASS) Professional Evaluation & Reflection on Change Tool (PERFECT) Purdue Pegboard. If you have something other than a KTM 200-300 2-stroke, don.72 results for motorcycle engine tools. Follow this search: Items in search results. Motorcycle Engine Carburetor Carbon Dirt Deposit Remove Cleaning Cleaner Tools. 2 stroke crankshaft rebuilding tools Direct Download speed 5282 Kb/s. Gts super 300 ie Gts super 125 ie s 125cc s 50cc Gts 250 ie Gts 125cc LX 125cc LX 50cc 2 stroke Engine Single. Raccoon 2 Stroke Rebuilds. Home we have moved 64 wrens avenue TW15 1AW. We are a 2 Stroke Engine Rebuild company based in Ashford Middlesex. We hope you enjoy our website. The Japanese manufacturer Suzuki did the same in the 1. Two- stroke engines are still found in a variety of small propulsion applications, such as outboard motors, high- performance, small- capacity motorcycles, mopeds, and dirt bikes, underbones, scooters, tuk- tuks, snowmobiles, karts, ultralight airplanes, and model airplanes and other model vehicles. They are also common in power tools used outdoors, such as lawnmowers, chainsaws, and weed- wackers. With direct fuel injection and a sump- based lubrication system, a two- stroke engine produces air pollution no worse than a four- stroke, and it can achieve higher thermodynamic efficiency. Therefore, the cycle has historically also been used in large diesel engines, most notably large industrial and marine engines, as well as some trucks and heavy machinery. There are several experimental designs intended for automobile use: for instance, Lotus of Norfolk, UK, has a prototype direct- injection two- stroke engine intended for alcohol fuels called the Omnivore. This is important for maximum charge pressure (volumetric efficiency) and fuel economy.
It is used on most high- performance engine designs. Although the principles remain the same, the mechanical details of various two- stroke engines differ depending on the type. The design types vary according to the method of introducing the charge to the cylinder, the method of scavenging the cylinder (exchanging burnt exhaust for fresh mixture) and the method of exhausting the cylinder. Piston- controlled inlet port. All functions are controlled solely by the piston covering and uncovering the ports as it moves up and down in the cylinder. In the 1. 97. 0s, Yamaha worked out some basic principles for this system. They found that, in general, widening an exhaust port increases the power by the same amount as raising the port, but the power band does not narrow as it does when the port is raised. However, there is a mechanical limit to the width of a single exhaust port, at about 6. Beyond this, the rings will bulge into the exhaust port and wear quickly. A maximum is 7. 0% of bore width is possible in racing engines, where rings are changed every few races. Intake duration is between 1. Transfer port time is set at a minimum of 2. The strong low pressure pulse of a racing two- stroke expansion chamber can drop the pressure to - 7 PSI when the piston is at bottom dead center, and the transfer ports nearly wide open. One of the reasons for high fuel consumption in 2- strokes is that some of the incoming pressurized fuel/air mixture is forced across the top of the piston, where it has a cooling action, and straight out the exhaust pipe. An expansion chamber with a strong reverse pulse will stop this out- going flow. Diesel two- strokes often add a Roots blower or piston pump for scavenging. Reed inlet valve. The mass is 6. 4 grams. The reed valve is a simple but highly effective form of check valve commonly fitted in the intake tract of the piston- controlled port. They allow asymmetric intake of the fuel charge, improving power and economy, while widening the power band. They are widely used in motorcycle, ATV and marine outboard engines. Rotary inlet valve. A familiar type sometimes seen on small motorcycles is a slotted disk attached to the crankshaft which covers and uncovers an opening in the end of the crankcase, allowing charge to enter during one portion of the cycle. Another form of rotary inlet valve used on two- stroke engines employs two cylindrical members with suitable cutouts arranged to rotate one within the other - the inlet pipe having passage to the crankcase only when the two cutouts coincide. The crankshaft itself may form one of the members, as in most glow plug model engines. In another embodiment, the crank disc is arranged to be a close- clearance fit in the crankcase, and is provided with a cutout which lines up with an inlet passage in the crankcase wall at the appropriate time, as in the Vespa motor scooter. The advantage of a rotary valve is it enables the two- stroke engine's intake timing to be asymmetrical, which is not possible with piston port type engines. The piston port type engine's intake timing opens and closes before and after top dead center at the same crank angle, making it symmetrical, whereas the rotary valve allows the opening to begin earlier and close earlier. Rotary valve engines can be tailored to deliver power over a wider speed range or higher power over a narrower speed range than either piston port or reed valve engine. Where a portion of the rotary valve is a portion of the crankcase itself, it is particularly important that no wear is allowed to take place. Cross- flow- scavenged. This design has been superseded since the 1. Loop- scavenged. The fuel/air mixture strikes the cylinder head, then follows the curvature of the combustion chamber, and then is deflected downward. This not only prevents the fuel/air mixture from traveling directly out the exhaust port, but also creates a swirling turbulence which improves combustion efficiency, power and economy. Usually, a piston deflector is not required, so this approach has a distinct advantage over the cross- flow scheme (above). Often referred to as . Suzuki was one of the first manufacturers outside of Europe to adopt loop- scavenged two- stroke engines. This operational feature was used in conjunction with the expansion chamber exhaust developed by German motorcycle manufacturer, MZ and Walter Kaaden. Loop scavenging, disc valves and expansion chambers worked in a highly coordinated way to significantly increase the power output of two- stroke engines, particularly from the Japanese manufacturers Suzuki, Yamaha and Kawasaki. Suzuki and Yamaha enjoyed success in grand Prix motorcycle racing in the 1. An additional benefit of loop scavenging was the piston could be made nearly flat or slightly dome shaped, which allowed the piston to be appreciably lighter and stronger, and consequently to tolerate higher engine speeds. The original SAAB 9. At cruising speed, reflected wave exhaust port blocking occurred at too low a frequency. Using the asymmetric three- port exhaust manifold employed in the identical DKW engine improved fuel economy. The 7. 50 cc standard engine produced 3. The Monte Carlo Rally variant, 7. An 8. 50 cc version was available in the 1. SAAB Sport (a standard trim model in comparison to the deluxe trim of the Monte Carlo). Base compression comprises a portion of the overall compression ratio of a two- stroke engine. Work published at SAE in 2. Uniflow- scavenged. The scavenging gas- flow is therefore in one direction only, hence the name uniflow. The valved arrangement is common in on- road, off- road and stationary two- stroke engines (Detroit Diesel), certain small marine two- stroke engines (Gray Marine), certain railroad two- stroke diesel locomotives (Electro- Motive Diesel) and large marine two- stroke main propulsion engines (W. Ported types are represented by the opposed piston design in which there are two pistons in each cylinder, working in opposite directions such as the Junkers Jumo 2. Napier Deltic. With advanced angle exhaust timing, uniflow engines can be supercharged with a crankshaft- driven (piston. The units run in pairs, with the lower half of one piston charging an adjacent combustion chamber. This system is still partially dependent on total loss lubrication (for the upper part of the piston), the other parts being sump lubricated with cleanliness and reliability benefits. The piston weight is only about 2. Bernard Hooper Engineering Ltd. The valves are normally in or around the exhaust ports. 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This component consists of a series of copper tubes, which refrigerant runs through to keep the refrigerator and freezer compartments cool. In a frost- free appliance, a defrost heater is positioned near or woven through the evaporator coils to melt frost as it forms. This heater commonly takes the form of a simple wire filament enclosed within a glass or aluminum tube. As electricity runs through the wire, it heats the tube and melts nearby frost. A drip pan sits below the evaporator to catch liquid and condensation, which eventually evaporates from the pan. Defrost Timers. In a frost- free refrigerator, the defrost heater is controlled using a built- in defrost timer. Typical timers are programmed to switch the heater on for a fixed interval every few hours, or after a specified number of compressor operating hours. 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